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<div class="identifier-type">customization point object</div><div class="header"><iterator></div><h1 itemprop="name"><span class="namespace" title="namespace std::ranges">std::ranges::</span><span class="token">iter_swap</span><span class="cpp cpp20" title="C++20で追加">(C++20)</span></h1>
<div itemprop="articleBody"><p><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">namespace</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">std</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">namespace</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">ranges</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">inline</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">namespace</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/*unspecified*/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">inline</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">constexpr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/*unspecified*/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">iter_swap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/*unspecified*/</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</p>
<h2>概要</h2>
<p><code>iter_swap</code>はイテレータを2つ受け取り、そのイテレータの参照する要素の値を交換（<code>swap</code>）する<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="プログラム定義型に対するオーバーロードが許されている標準関数名について、中でいい感じにオーバーロード解決して呼び出してくれる関数オブジェクト">カスタマイゼーションポイントオブジェクト</a>である。</p>
<h2>効果</h2>
<p>まず説明専用の関数テンプレート<code>iter-exchange-move</code>を次のように定義しておく。</p>
<p><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">template</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">X</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Y</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="k">constexpr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="iter_value_t.html">iter_value_t</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">X</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">iter</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">exchange</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">move</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">X</span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Y</span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">y</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">noexcept</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">noexcept</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n"><a href="iter_value_t.html">iter_value_t</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">X</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n"><a href="iter_move.html">iter_move</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">noexcept</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="iter_move.html">iter_move</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y</span><span class="p">)))</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="iter_value_t.html">iter_value_t</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">X</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">old_value</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n"><a href="iter_move.html">iter_move</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="iter_move.html">iter_move</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">old_value</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</p>
<p><code>iter_swap(a, b)</code>のように呼び出された時、以下のいずれかと等価</p>
<ol>
<li>
<p>引数<code>a, b</code>のどちらかの型がクラス型であるか列挙型であり、<code>std::ranges::iter_swap</code>（本<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="カスタマイゼーションポイントオブジェクト。プログラム定義型に対するオーバーロードが許されている標準関数名について、中でいい感じにオーバーロード解決して呼び出してくれる関数オブジェクト">CPO</a>）の宣言を含まず下記の<code>iter_swap</code>関数宣言を含むコンテキストで、<code>iter_swap(a, b)</code>が呼び出し可能ならば<code>(void)iter_swap(a, b)</code>
<br />
<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">template</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">I1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">I2</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">iter_swap</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">I1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">I2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="p">;</span>
</code></pre></div>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>a, b</code>の型が共に<code><a href="indirectly_readable.html">indirectly_readable</a></code>のモデルであり、<code>a, b</code>の参照先の型が<code><a href="../concepts/swappable.html">swappable_with</a></code>のモデルとなるとき、<code><a href="../concepts/swap.html">ranges::swap</a>(*a, *b)</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>a, b</code>の型<code>T1, T2</code>が<code><a href="indirectly_movable_storable.html">indirectly_movable_storable</a><T1, T2></code>と<code><a href="indirectly_movable_storable.html">indirectly_movable_storable</a><T2, T1></code>のモデルとなるとき、<code>(void)(*a = iter-exchange-move(b, a))</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>それ以外の場合、呼び出しは<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="プログラムが適格でないこと。コンパイルエラーなどになる" href="../../implementation-compliance.html#dfn-ill-formed">不適格</a>。</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>1のケースの場合に、呼び出される<code>iter_swap(a, b)</code>が交換を行わない場合、プログラムは<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="プログラムが適格でないこと。コンパイルエラーなどになる" href="../../implementation-compliance.html#dfn-ill-formed">不適格</a>（ただし、コンパイルエラーとならない可能性がある）。</p>
<h2><a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="関数呼び出し式の評価結果となるオブジェクト・値">戻り値</a></h2>
<p>なし</p>
<h2><a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="問題が発生したときに、現在実行位置を過去に通過・記録した位置に戻し、文脈情報を添えて紐づけられた処理(例外ハンドラー)を呼び出す仕組み。またはその事態">例外</a></h2>
<p>上記「効果」節のそれぞれのケース毎に</p>
<ol>
<li>呼び出される<code>iter_swap()</code>が<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="問題が発生したときに、現在実行位置を過去に通過・記録した位置に戻し、文脈情報を添えて紐づけられた処理(例外ハンドラー)を呼び出す仕組み。またはその事態">例外</a>を投げるかに従う</li>
<li>引数<code>a, b</code>の<code>*</code>演算子および呼び出される<code>ranges::swap()</code>が<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="問題が発生したときに、現在実行位置を過去に通過・記録した位置に戻し、文脈情報を添えて紐づけられた処理(例外ハンドラー)を呼び出す仕組み。またはその事態">例外</a>を投げるかに従う</li>
<li><code>iter-exchange-move</code>操作およびその結果の<code>*a</code>への代入が<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="問題が発生したときに、現在実行位置を過去に通過・記録した位置に戻し、文脈情報を添えて紐づけられた処理(例外ハンドラー)を呼び出す仕組み。またはその事態">例外</a>を投げるかに従う</li>
</ol>
<h2>定数式に評価される条件</h2>
<ol>
<li>呼び出される<code>iter_swap()</code>が定数評価可能かに従う</li>
<li>引数<code>a, b</code>の<code>*</code>演算子および呼び出される<code>ranges::swap()</code>が定数評価可能かに従う</li>
<li><code>iter-exchange-move</code>操作およびその結果の<code>*a</code>への代入が定数評価可能かに従う</li>
</ol>
<h2>カスタマイゼーションポイント</h2>
<p>1のケースでは、<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="プログラム定義。ユーザー（プログラマ）によって定義されること（標準ライブラリで定義されるものを除く）">ユーザー定義</a>の<code>iter_swap()</code>を定義しておくことによって実行される交換操作をカスタマイズすることができる。</p>
<ol>
<li>引数<code>a, b</code>の型と同じ名前空間で、もしくは<a href="../../article/lib/hidden_friends.html"><em>Hidden friends</em></a>として、非メンバ<code>iter_swap()</code>関数を定義しておく</li>
<li><code>a, b</code>の参照先の型について<code><a href="../concepts/swap.html">ranges::swap</a></code>にアダプトしておく</li>
<li>--</li>
</ol>
<h2>例</h2>
<p><div class="yata" id="ce419eca6f5fdacdc0fd56e8700525904bee3d10"><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="cp">#include <a href="../iterator.html"><iterator></a></span>
<span class="cp">#include <a href="../vector.html"><vector></a></span>
<span class="cp">#include <a href="../iostream.html"><iostream></a></span>
<span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../vector/vector.html">std::vector</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">9</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">};</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">counted_iterator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ci1</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n"><a href="../ranges/begin.html">ranges::begin</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">};</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">counted_iterator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ci2</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n"><a href="../ranges/begin.html">ranges::begin</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">};</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ケース1の呼び出し</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n"><span style="color:#ff0000">ranges::iter_swap</span></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ci1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ci2</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../iostream/cout.html">std::cout</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">ci1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">", "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">ci2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ケース2の呼び出し</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n"><span style="color:#ff0000">ranges::iter_swap</span></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">p2</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../iostream/cout.html">std::cout</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">p1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">", "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">p2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div></p>
<h3>出力</h3>
<p><pre><code>6, 1
7, 2
</code></pre></p>
<h2>バージョン</h2>
<h3>言語</h3>
<ul>
<li>C++20</li>
</ul>
<h3>処理系</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#clang">Clang</a>: ??</li>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#gcc">GCC</a>: 10.1 <span aria-label="検証済" role="img" title="検証済">✅</span></li>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#visual_cpp">Visual C++</a>: 2019 Update 4 <span aria-label="検証済" role="img" title="検証済">✅</span></li>
</ul>
<h2>参照</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2018/p0896r4.pdf" target="_blank">P0896R4 The One Ranges Proposal (was Merging the Ranges TS)</a></li>
<li><a href="https://open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2022/p2602r2.html" target="_blank">P2602R2 Poison Pills are Too Toxic</a></li>
</ul></div>
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