🌐 Mailman 3 August 2021 - Python-list - python.org

Upcoming book: Learn Python through Nursery Rhymes and Fairy Tales
by Shari Eskenas Aug. 19, 2021

Aug. 19, 2021

Hi everyone, I'm writing a new Python book for beginners called Learn Python through Nursery Rhymes and Fairy Tales. It teaches Python concepts by translating the classic tales into Python programs. I launched the book on Kickstarter for pre-order- you can check it out here: https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/914595512/learn-python-through-nursery… I'd be happy to hear any questions or comments you have. Thank you, Shari

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Re: question on trax
by Greg Ewing Aug. 19, 2021

Aug. 19, 2021

On 19/08/21 3:59 am, joseph pareti wrote: > Another question is on this line: > z = add((x, y)) > If I code: > z = add(x, y) > Then the following exception occurs : > > *Expected input to be a tuple or list; instead got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>.* What exactly is your question? Does add((x, y)) not do what you want? If not, you'll have to tell us what you do want. -- Greg

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Re: Regarding inability of Python Module Winsound to produce beep in decimal frequency
by Greg Ewing Aug. 18, 2021

Aug. 18, 2021

On 18/08/21 4:43 pm, Steve wrote: > > "The HAL (hardware abstraction layer) function HalMakeBeep()" > Is the beep that opens the pod bay doors? def HalMakeBeepUsingPCSpeaker(): raise IOError("I'm sorry, I can't do that, Dave.") -- Greg

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question on trax
by joseph pareti Aug. 18, 2021

Aug. 18, 2021

In the following code, where does tl.Fn come from? i see it nowhere in the documents, i.e I was looking for trax.layers.Fn : import numpy as np *from trax import layers as tl* from trax import shapes from trax import fastmath # def Addition(): layer_name = "Addition" # don't forget to give your custom layer a name to identify # Custom function for the custom layer def func(x, y): return x + y return *tl.Fn*(layer_name, func) # Test it add = Addition() # Inspect properties print("-- Properties --") print("name :", add.name) print("expected inputs :", add.n_in) print("promised outputs :", add.n_out, "\n") # Inputs x = np.array([3]) y = np.array([4]) print("-- Inputs --") print("x :", x, "\n") print("y :", y, "\n") # Outputs z = add((x, y)) print("-- Outputs --") print("z :", z) -- Regards, Joseph Pareti - Artificial Intelligence consultant Joseph Pareti's AI Consulting Services https://www.joepareti54-ai.com/ cell +49 1520 1600 209 cell +39 339 797 0644

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Re: basic auth request
by Jon Ribbens Aug. 18, 2021

Aug. 18, 2021

On 2021-08-17, Barry <barry(a)barrys-emacs.org> wrote: >> That's usually irrelevant, since the alternative is most likely to be >> form fill-out, which is exactly as secure. If you're serving over >> HTTPS, the page is encrypted, and that includes the headers; if you're >> not, then it's not encrypted, and that includes the form body. > > There is digest and Ntlm that do not reveal the password. That's only true if you're not using HTTPS - and you should *never* not be using HTTPS, and that goes double if forms are being filled in and double again if passwords are being supplied.

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Re: Regarding inability of Python Module Winsound to produce beep in decimal frequency
by Terry Reedy Aug. 18, 2021

Aug. 18, 2021

On 8/13/2021 6:53 AM, Umang Goswami wrote: > Hi There, Hope you find this mail in good health. > > I am Umang Goswami, a Python developer and student working on a huge > project for automation of music instruments. I am producing the musical > notes using the Beep function of Winsound Module( > https://docs.python.org/3/library/winsound.html) by passing frequency as a > argument to the function. > > Now whenever i provide frequency of any note in decimal(for example > 277.1826 for C4 note) it shows following error: > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "C:\Users\Umang Goswami\Desktop\Umang Goswami\test.py", line 2, in > <module> > winsound.Beep(111.11,111111) > TypeError: integer argument expected, got float > > Now I have to round up the frequencies. This is hurting the quality, > accuracy ,authenticity and future of the project. Almost all the notes have > the frequencies in decimal parts. Rounding up means changing semitones and > quatertones thus whole note itself. This problem is technically making my > program useless. > > Its my humble request to you all, I beg you, Please tell me how to overcome > this issue. I have consulted many sources both online and offline but I > remained unsatisfied. I can not make audio files of each note because there > are many many notes and so practically making so many files of different > time length wont help. > > Please suggest to me the way to resolve this issue or is there any other > module to produce the sound of decimal frequency. Without knowing what sources you have already looked at, anything anyone might say might be duplication. However,... If the builtin hardware sound generator only generates integral frequencies, you are stuck unless you get an add-in card that is more flexible. If the Windows interface to the hardware only accepts integral frequencies, which I suspect might be true, ditto, unless you get custom software. You could look at pygame and see what its sound functions do. And search pypi for 'sound generator' or 'frequency generator'. -- Terry Jan Reedy

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basic auth request
by Robin Becker Aug. 17, 2021

Aug. 17, 2021

While porting an ap from python2.7 to python3 I see this base64string = base64.b64encode('%s:%s' % (wsemail, wspassword)) request.add_header("Authorization", "Basic %s" % base64string) in python3.x I find this works base64string = base64.b64encode(('%s:%s' % (wsemail, wspassword)).encode('ascii')).decode('ascii') request.add_header("Authorization", "Basic %s" % base64string) but I find the conversion to and from ascii irksome. Is there a more direct way to create the basic auth value? As an additional issue I find I have no clear idea what encoding is allowed for the components of a basic auth input. -- Robin Becker

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on perhaps unloading modules?
by Hope Rouselle Aug. 17, 2021

Aug. 17, 2021

(*) Introduction By the way, I'm aware that what I'm doing here is totally unsafe and I could get my system destroyed. I'm not planning on using this --- thank you for your concern. I'm just interested in understanding more about modules. (*) The problem I got myself into a mess with loading modules at runtime. The reason I'm loading modules at runtime is because I'm writing a script to grade students' work. (Each student test is a file.py.) Here's the phenomenon. Notice how student m0 (who really scored a zero) first gets his grade right, but if I invoke it again, then it gets 50.0. >>> grade_student(m0) {'grade': 0.0, ...} >>> grade_student(m0) {'grade': 50.0, ...} (*) Where's the problem? The variable m0 is a module and modules in Python are effectively singletons --- that is, they are meant to be loaded only once, no matter how many times you ask the system to. That's my understanding. (*) How did I get into this mess? When m0 is graded first, that is the first student's module ever loaded, so everything turns out correct. This module m0 didn't do any work --- didn't write any procedures, so it gets grade = 0 ---, so when I check the first procedure, it doesn't exist --- zero on question 1. However, question 2 depends on question 1. So I use the test's key (which I wrote, which is perfectly correct) and I augment the student's module with the key's procedures that are prerequisites to question 2 and then I test question 2. How do I do that? I do m.question1 = key.question1 where ``key.question1'' is a correct procedure for getting all points of question1. (That's kind to the student: I'm allowing them to get a zero on question 1 while perhaps getting question 2 right.) However, once I augment the student's code, I can' t find a way to properly restore it to the original --- so on a second execution, m0 gets many more points. That's not the whole problem. For reasons I don't understand, new modules I load --- that is, different students --- get mixed with these modifications in m0 that I made at some point in my code. Of course, you want to see the code. I need to work on producing a small example. Perhaps I will even answer my own question when I do. For now, let me just ignite your imagination. Feel free to ignore all of this and wait for a nice example of the problem. (*) The code How do I load a student's file? --8<---------------cut here---------------start------------->8--- from importlib import * def get_student_module(fname): # Here fname := p1_hello.py. But we need to remove the extension. # Let's call it basename then. mod_name = basename(fname) try: student = import_module(mod_name) except Exception as e: return False, str(e) return True, student --8<---------------cut here---------------end--------------->8--- Now let d be a path to a directory. How do use I this procedure? --8<---------------cut here---------------start------------->8--- for f in get_all_tests(d): okay, student = get_student_module(f) report = grade_student(student) [...] --8<---------------cut here---------------end--------------->8--- What does grade_student(student_module) do? It passes student_module to procedures to check every little thing the test requires. Let's take a look at question4(). Question 4 requires a previous procedure called procedure_x. So I overwrite the student's module with the key's procedure. def question4(m): # We first provide students with all the prerequisites of the # question, so they don't necessarily get this one wrong by getting # prerequisites wrong. m.procedure_x = key.procedure_x # Now I make all my verifications about, say, m.procedure_y and I # compute an integer called losses, which I return. return losses This strategy must be so unwise that it totally breaks my naïve dream of automatic grading, showing how unfit I am for teaching students how to program. Such is life. (*) If it were easy to unload modules... I could just unload it and load it again. That should restore the student's module back to its original source code.

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FlaskCon's Call For Volunteers Is On
by Abdur-Rahmaan Janhangeer Aug. 17, 2021

Aug. 17, 2021

Greetings list, As preparations for FlaskCon intensifies, the call for volunteers goes live: https://twitter.com/FlaskCon/status/1427542892642410502?s=20 You can also chip in directly here: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfsHNBcclWSmVkk4LDD_EnlhrlKdWlGOak… According to previsions, it might be the last Python conf of the year! Kind Regards, Abdur-Rahmaan Janhangeer about <https://compileralchemy.github.io/> | blog <https://www.pythonkitchen.com> github <https://github.com/Abdur-RahmaanJ> Mauritius

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connection aborted error please help to fix it
by hi Aug. 17, 2021

Aug. 17, 2021

Sent from [1]Mail for Windows References Visible links 1. https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=550986

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