🌐 Mailman 3 April 2003 - Tutor - python.org

Backslashes inside of variable
by Phoebus Nov. 24, 2003

Nov. 24, 2003

I am running Python 2.2 on Win2k. I have a program which writes a filename, with backslashes to a file, along with other stuff. I read the file in using readlines() and put each line into a variable. My problem is I want to use the filename, but I can't use it because of the backslashes. I know about doing open(r"d:\test\file.txt","w") or even open(`d:\test\file.txt`,"w"), but the filename is inside of a variable so when I do open(filename,'w'), I have problems. Can anyone help? Thanks, Steve --

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httplib & keep-alive
by Michael Barrett May 23, 2003

May 23, 2003

Hi, can someone please post how to successfully re-use a HTTP/1.1 connection viah httplib? The code below doesn't seem to work- the exception is below the code. ############## #!/usr/local/bin/python import httplib, sys httpcon = httplib.HTTPConnection('<website>') httpcon.debuglevel = 1 httpcon.putrequest('GET', 'http://<website>/ocd/') httpcon.putheader('Connection','Keep-Alive') httpcon.endheaders() reply = httpcon.getresponse() redirLoc = reply.getheader('Location') if redirLoc: print "Found Location header, redirecting to " + redirLoc httpcon.putrequest('GET', redirLoc) httpcon.putheader('Connection', 'close') httpcon.endheaders() newreply = httpcon.getresponse() ############## ######### Exception connect: (<website>, 80) send: 'GET http://<website>/ocd/ HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: <website>\r\nAccept-Encoding: identity\r\nConnection: Keep-Alive\r\n\r\n' reply: 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found\r\n' header: Date: Mon, 17 Mar 2003 22:03:00 GMT header: Server: Apache/1.3.27 (Unix) header: Location: http://<website>/ocd/index.py header: Keep-Alive: timeout=15, max=100 header: Connection: Keep-Alive header: Transfer-Encoding: chunked header: Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1 Found Location header, redirecting to http://<website>/ocd/index.py send: 'GET http://<website>/ocd/index.py HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: <website>\r\nAccept-Encoding: identity\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n' Traceback (most recent call last): File "./redirect.py", line 21, in ? newreply = httpcon.getresponse() File "/usr/local/lib/python2.2/httplib.py", line 752, in getresponse raise ResponseNotReady() httplib.ResponseNotReady -- ________________________________________________________________________ Mike Barrett | "I used to read, now I go to raves." mike(a)daboyz.org | -- Random MUNI Rider, speaking www.daboyz.org | to my friend Allison. ------------------------+-----------------------------------------------

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Entity to UTF-8
by Ezequiel, Justin May 8, 2003

May 8, 2003

Greetings. I need to convert entities (α) in an XML file to the actual UTF-8 characters (?). Currently, I am using this bit of code (prototype to see if I can actually do it). This seems to work just fine but I was wondering if there are other ways of doing this. ##-------------------------------------------------- import codecs import re (utf8_encode, utf8_decode, utf8_reader, utf8_writer) = codecs.lookup("utf-8") patt = '&#([^;]+);' def ToUTF8(matchobj): return unichr(long(matchobj.group(1))) def GetUTF8(pth): infile = utf8_reader(open(pth)) readstr = infile.read() infile.close() return readstr def WriteUTF8(pth, str): outf = utf8_writer(open(pth, 'w')) outf.write(str) outf.close() ustr = GetUTF8('input.htm') ustr = re.sub(patt, ToUTF8, ustr) WriteUTF8('output.htm', ustr) ##-------------------------------------------------- sample input file (actual production files would be XML): <HTML> <HEAD> <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> <TITLE>TESTING</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> я ж щ ю ф й б ⋨ ⌣ > ☎ α я ж щ ю ф й б ⋨ ⌣ > ☎ α </BODY> </HTML> sample output file: <HTML> <HEAD> <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> <TITLE>TESTING</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? > ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? > ? ? </BODY> </HTML> Can you point me to resources/tutorials if any for this? Is there a HowTo for the codecs module? Maybe there are other modules I should look at (XML?). Actual (production) input files would most likely have α instead of α but α is also possible. BTW, is there a built-in method to convert a Hex string ('3B1') to a long (945)? I am currently using my own function (am too embarrassed to post it here).

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Re: [Tutor] graphics in python
by bob smith May 5, 2003

May 5, 2003

Although I'm new to Python myself, I've been looking for ways to do graphics as well. Here are two projects I've found that I'm exploring... A new 3D engine written specifically for use with Python called Soya 3D. It's at: http://oomadness.tuxfamily.org/en/soya/index.html For 2D graphics (and other game related stuff like checking a joystick etc), there's pygame: http://www.pygame.org/ Bob >From: Danny Yoo <dyoo(a)hkn.eecs.berkeley.edu> >To: pytutor <pytutor(a)indiatimes.com> >CC: tutor(a)python.org >Subject: Re: [Tutor] graphics in python >Date: Sat, 22 Mar 2003 13:21:24 -0800 (PST) > > > >On Sat, 22 Mar 2003, pytutor wrote: > > > I am a graphics programmer. I have worked on opengl and have written few > > experimental graphics programs. i want to do the same using python. can > > u tell me how python stands vis-a-vis other graphics language like > > opengl/java/vrml etc etc. > >Hello! > >Python and Java are themselves not specialized "graphics" languages --- >they're considered general programming languages; they don't have built-in >support for anything, but can be extended to many problem domains. > > >OpenGL is a set of functions that can draw graphics, and they're available >from a lot of different programming languages --- it's fairly language >independent. For example, PyOpenGL compares very favorably to other >language bindings for OpenGL: > > http://pyopengl.sourceforge.net/ > > >But there are other Python programs that try to make 3D programming >appealing to new programmers. You may want to look at VPython: > > http://vpython.org/ > > > > one of the graphics has an animated lever experiment for kids that shows > > the force/fulcrum/load relationships. which python package/library > > should i use? the library should have 2D/3D objects;animations;text > > display;maths;linux compatible;portable;free. > >Hmmm... ah! Then I highly recommend that you look at VPython! VPython >sounds very applicable to your project, and may be what you're looking >for. One more project that I'm remember offhand is the Alice project: > > http://www.alice.org/ > >which also looks awesome. I wish I had more time to play with these >programs! Does anyone have experience with these systems? > > >You may want to ask your question on a general Python forum like the >comp.lang.python newsgroup: there are folks there that may be able to give >good advice. > > >_______________________________________________ >Tutor maillist - Tutor(a)python.org >http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor _________________________________________________________________ STOP MORE SPAM with the new MSN 8 and get 2 months FREE* http://join.msn.com/?page=features/junkmail

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my problem with **
by ali mangaliag May 3, 2003

May 3, 2003

what does the ** and * mean in a function parameter?? ex... def foo(*bar, **kwargs): .....

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class.__repr__: 'str' object is not callable???
by pan＠uchicago.edu May 2, 2003

May 2, 2003

Can someone tell me what the hell is happening in the following code? Why __getattr__ gets called when the __repr__ is the actual one that I called? Why is the ['str' object is not callable] happen ?? thx in advance. pan >>> class aClass: .. def __init__(self):pass .. def __repr__(self): .. return 'this is aClass' .. def __getattr__(self, name): .. print 'getting attr' #<==== [A] .. return 'returned value' .. >>> >>> a=aClass() >>> a this is aClass >>> print a getting attr Traceback (most recent call last): File "<interactive input>", line 1, in ? TypeError: 'str' object is not callable >>>

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unicode problem
by Paul Tremblay April 30, 2003

April 30, 2003

When I use Sax, I am getting a unicode problem. If I put an "ö" in my file (ö), then sax translates this to a unicode string: u'?' (some value) I then cannot parse the string. If I try to add to it: my_string = my_string + '\n' Then I get this error: File "/home/paul/lib/python/paul/format_txt.py", line 159, in r_border line = line + filler + padding + border + "\n" UnicodeError: ASCII decoding error: ordinal not in range(128) The only way to get around this problem is to convert the text to ascii beforehand: for x in my_string: if ord(x) > 127: num = ord(x) x = "&#" + str(num) + ";" new_string = new_string + x I don't want to use entities, though. Since my script converts to text, I need for the text to be represented as characters up to 256. Thanks Paul -- ************************ *Paul Tremblay * *phthenry(a)earthlink.net* ************************

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Question about nested FOR looping
by stuart_clemons＠us.ibm.com April 30, 2003

April 30, 2003

Hi all: I'm a newbie playing around with nested FOR loops using readlines or a defined list. I noticed the looping action of the nested FOR is different depending on if the input data is coming from a file (readlines) or a defined list. Note, that only the nested FOR input source makes a difference in the output results. The data source of the top level FOR loop doesn't seem to affect the looping action of the nested FOR. Below are the program and results. Can anyone explain why the looping action is different depending on the nested FOR input source (readlines vs defined list) ? Please let me know if this not clear. (It doesn't look all that clear to me !) Here's the text file, subitems.txt: 1 3 5 Nested looping from a defined list: ###### Start Program ####### import string mF = file('g:\python22\sctest\\master.txt', 'r') # This file contains the same data as the master list (below) #sF = file('g:\python22\sctest\\subitems.txt', 'r') # This file contains the same data as the subitems list (below) #master = ['1', '2', '3', '4', '5'] # This list = Master.txt (above) subitems = ['1', '3', '5'] # This list = subitems.txt (above) for m in mF.readlines(): # Read data from master.txt file #for m in master: # Or, read data for master list m = m.strip() #for s in sF.readlines(): # Read data from subitems.txt file for s in subitems: # Or, read data from subitems list s = s.strip() if s == m: print "this num is duplicate: ", m break if s <> m: print "this num is unique: ", m ###### End Program ######### The result of running the program is this: this num is duplicate: 1 this num is unique: 2 this num is duplicate: 3 this num is unique: 4 this num is duplicate: 5 If the nested loop uses readlines to input data from subitems.txt, the result is this: this num is duplicate: 1 this num is unique: 2 this num is unique: 3 this num is unique: 4 this num is unique: 5 Why are they different ? TIA

5 6

about Regular Expression in Class function
by Abdirizak abdi April 30, 2003

April 30, 2003

hi, I have a class that indexes some text,this class has a function calledreadline() it reads a line from a file, what I need to do is to pass RE(regular _expression) so that only normal words are extracted because the input file(i.e file to be read ) has some XML tags so for e.g. the file has this<S ID='S-0'> <W>Similarity-Based</W> <W>Estimation</W> <W>of</W> <W>Word</W> <W>Cooccurrence</W> <W>Probabilities</W> </S> and want to extract ['Similarity based', 'Estimation'.....] I think the problem is it doesn't accept the class instances such as : aword =re.compile (r'<W>([^<]+)</W>')self.line = aword.findall(self.line) Can anyone help me to suggest how I can incorporate this RE.Here is the function:Class text_word_iterator......def readline(self): #aword =re.compile (r'<[^<>]*>|\b[\w-]+\b')#|<W>([^<]+)</W>') #added now aword =re.compile (r'<W>([^<]+)</W>') #added now self.line = self.file.readline() #already there self.line = aword.findall(self.line) #added now for xml--should work self.line = ' '.join(self.line) #this is a extra lin added -- works print self.line if self.line == '': self.words = None else: self.words = filter(None, re.split(r'\W+', self.line))#mod form \W ->\s+ thanks in advance --------------------------------- Do you Yahoo!? The New Yahoo! Search - Faster. Easier. Bingo.

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about Regular Expression in Class function
by Abdirizak abdi April 30, 2003

April 30, 2003

hi, I have a class that indexes some text,this class has a function calledreadline() it reads a line from a file, what I need to do is to pass RE(regular expression) so that only normal words are extracted because the input file(i.e file to be read ) has some XML tags so for e.g. the file has this<S ID='S-0'> <W>Similarity-Based</W> <W>Estimation</W> <W>of</W> <W>Word</W> <W>Cooccurrence</W> <W>Probabilities</W> </S> and want to extract ['Similarity based', 'Estimation'.....] I think the problem is it doesn't accept the class instances such as : aword =re.compile (r'<W>([^<]+)</W>')self.line = aword.findall(self.line) Can anyone help me to suggest how I can incorporate this RE.Here is the function:Class text_word_iterator......def readline(self): #aword =re.compile (r'<[^<>]*>|\b[\w-]+\b')#|<W>([^<]+)</W>') #added now aword =re.compile (r'<W>([^<]+)</W>') #added now self.line = self.file.readline() #already there self.line = aword.findall(self.line) #added now for xml--should work self.line = ' '.join(self.line) #this is a extra lin added -- works print self.line if self.line == '': self.words = None else: self.words = filter(None, re.split(r'\W+', self.line))#mod form \W ->\s+ thanks in advance --------------------------------- Do you Yahoo!? The New Yahoo! Search - Faster. Easier. Bingo.

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